The Need for Job Creation and Self-Employment in Crisis-hit Afghanistan

Afghanistan has faced prolonged crises and instability for many years, with unemployment being one of the most critical social and economic challenges. In recent years, unemployment and the lack of sufficient jobs for all have plagued a significant portion of the population, leading to worsening conditions.

Thus, Afghanistan urgently needs to focus on job creation and entrepreneurship for its citizens. Effective and efficient methods must be employed to generate jobs and provide sustainable sources of income for the people to gradually mitigate the economic and unemployment crises.

Agriculture is one of the most critical sectors of Afghanistan’s economy and the primary source of income for its people. Since agriculture in the country still relies on traditional methods and has not yet adopted modern techniques, its development could create job opportunities and increase income and profitability for citizens. Programs such as enhancing domestic production, optimizing irrigation systems, and teaching modern agricultural techniques and technologies could play a vital role in creating jobs. For instance, producing, processing, and selling dairy products in remote areas of Afghanistan is one of the best ways to generate employment and income.

Given the growing population, relying solely on agriculture is insufficient to meet everyone’s employment needs. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), such as retail shops, handicrafts, and service-oriented businesses, can significantly contribute to job creation. Facilitating access to markets and providing educational opportunities for individuals interested in starting their own businesses is crucial. The government and international organizations can assist by offering grants, microloans, and business consultancy services to help develop this sector, particularly in urban areas where the demand is more pronounced.

The rapidly growing field of information technology (IT) offers numerous opportunities for employment and self-employment. Training in programming, website development, selling products online, and providing consulting services across the country are among the opportunities that can engage a large number of individuals. Establishing educational centers and facilitating access to the internet can create the necessary foundation for employment in this sector. This initiative requires significant collaboration with international organizations and the serious attention of the government.

Vocational and technical training can equip individuals with skills that are in high demand in the job market. Establishing training centers to teach skills such as tailoring, carpentry, mechanics, and electrical work can promote both employment and self-employment. Moreover, programs focusing on soft skills like time management, interpersonal communication, and problem-solving can prepare individuals for the job market.

Promoting entrepreneurship can lead to the establishment of new businesses and, consequently, job creation. Initiatives such as idea competitions, funding for innovative projects, and business consultancy services can provide essential support to entrepreneurs. Additionally, creating networks between entrepreneurs and investors can present opportunities for developing new ideas. However, considering the lack of necessary infrastructure, the government and international organizations need to play an active role in this regard.

Collaboration with international organizations can pave the way for financial and technical resources required for implementing job creation programs. These organizations can play a crucial role in Afghanistan’s economic and social development by transferring knowledge and technology.

Job creation and self-employment in Afghanistan require a comprehensive and coordinated approach that encompasses all economic and social sectors. Investing in agriculture, IT, vocational training, and entrepreneurship support can help reduce unemployment and improve the country’s economic conditions. Furthermore, cooperation between the government, private sector, and international organizations can positively impact creating sustainable job opportunities.